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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of study population

From: Auto-injector needle length may be inadequate to deliver epinephrine intramuscularly in women with confirmed food allergy

Characteristic

Total, n = 100

Patients with STMD minimum

P value*

Patients with STMD maximum

P value*

  

≤15.2 mm, n = 68

>15.2 mm, n = 32

 

≤15.2 mm, n = 81

>15.2 mm, n = 19

 

Age (years), mean (SD)

37 (14)

35 (15)

41 (13)

0.01

36 (14)

42 (14)

0.06

Males, n (%)

31 (31)

31 (45)

0 (0)

0.00001

31 (37)

0 (0)

0.001

Caucasian, n (%)

89 (89)

59 (87)

30 (93)

0.495

71 (88)

18 (95)

0.685

Weight (kg), mean (SD)

76 (19)

73 (19)

83 (18)

0.014

74 (18)

89 (19)

0.003

Height (m), mean (SD)

1.7 (0.1)

1.69 (0.1)

1.64 (0.1)

0.020

1.69 (0.1)

1.64 (0.1)

0.02

BMI (kg/m2), mean (SD)

27 (6)

25 (5)

31 (7)

0.001

26 (5)

33 (8)

0.0001

STMD max (mm), mean (SD)

11 (6)

8 (3)

17 (4)

0.0001

9 (3)

19 (4)

0.0001

STMD min (mm), mean (SD)

13 (7)

9 (3)

21 (6)

0.0001

11 (5)

23 (7)

0.0001

STMD% compression, mean (SD)

11 (10)

11 (10)

18 (10)

0.002

13 (11)

15 (9)

0.41

  1. *P-value calculated by Student’s t test or Chi square test/Fisher’s exact test.
  2. SD: standard deviation; BMI: body mass index; STMDmin: skin-to-muscle depth with minimal pressure; STMDmax: skin-to-muscle depth with maximal pressure.