Fig. 1

Effect of VVHE on breathing rate (a) and tidal volume (b) in OVA-sensitized rats. Values shown are mean ± SEM. (n = 6); ^# p < 0.05, ^### p < 0.001 and ns (non-significant) compared to the non-sensitized control (SAL); **p < 0.01 and ***p < 0.001, compared to the OVA-sensitized control (OVA). SAL non-sensitized and vehicle treated control group, OVA OVA-sensitized and vehicle treated control group, OVA + dex OVA-sensitized and dexamethasone, 2.5 mg/kg, b.w, treated group, OVA + VVHE 1 OVA-sensitized and VVHE, 31 mg/kg, treated group, OVA + VVHE 2 OVA-sensitized and VVHE, 42.5 mg/kg, b.w. treated group