Fig. 2

Effect of VVHE on cytokine levels in serum (a) and BAL fluid (b) of OVA-sensitized rats. Values shown are mean ± S.E.M. (n = 6); ^### p < 0.001 compared to the non-sensitized control (SAL); *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, and ns (non-significant) compared to the OVA-sensitized control (OVA). SAL non-sensitized and vehicle treated control group, OVA OVA-sensitized and vehicle treated control group, OVA, OVA + dex OVA-sensitized and dexamethasone, 2.5 mg/kg, b.w, treated group, OVA + VVHE 1 OVA-sensitized and VVHE, 31 mg/kg, treated group, OVA + VVHE 2 OVA-sensitized and VVHE, 42.5 mg/kg, b.w. treated group