All | BHR present | BHR absent | p | |
---|---|---|---|---|
n | 208 | 61 | 147 | |
Age | 52 (15) | 53 (17) | 51 (14) | 0.42 |
Male sex | 135 (65) | 41 (67) | 94 (64) | 0.65 |
BMI | 28 (6) | 29.2 (6.0) | 27.5 (6.0) | 0.07 |
History of asthma | 60 (29) | 22 (37) | 38 (26) | 0.11 |
Atopy | 110 (53) | 34 (62) | 76 (52) | 0.23 |
Pharmacological treatment | ||||
SABA | 75 (36) | 30 (51) | 45 (31) | 0.008 |
LABA | 2 (1) | 0 (0) | 2 (1) | 0.37 |
LAMA | 7 (3) | 4 (7) | 3 (2) | 0.09 |
ICS | 51 (25) | 18 (31) | 33 (23) | 0.25 |
ICS–LABA combination | 34 (16) | 9 (15) | 35 (17) | 0.73 |
Lung function testinga | ||||
FEV1/FVC | 0.76 (0.07) | 0.73 (0.09) | 0.79 (0.06) | < 0.001 |
FEV1, l | 2.82 (0.77) | 2.55 (0.81) | 2.95 (0.72) | 0.001 |
FEV1, % | 95 (14) | 90 (15) | 98 (13) | < 0.001 |
FVC, l | 3.66 (0.95) | 3.45 (98) | 3.76 (0.92) | 0.04 |
FVC, % | 97 (13) | 96 (14) | 98 (12) | 0.24 |
RV, l | 1.86 (0.57) | 2.01 (0.70) | 1.79 (0.49) | 0.02 |
RV, % | 100 (25) | 111 (33) | 96 (19) | < 0.001 |
FRC, l | 2.85 (0.68) | 2.88 (0.75) | 2.83 (0.65) | 0.66 |
FRC, % | 96 (19) | 100 (23) | 94 (16) | 0.07 |
TLC, l | 5.61 (1.03) | 5.56 (1.00) | 5.63 (1.04) | 0.70 |
TLC, % | 102 (13) | 104 (14) | 102 (12) | 0.27 |
DLCO, % | 94 (19) | 92 (24) | 96 (17) | 0.24 |
Methacholine challenge | ||||
Starting dose, mg/ml | 1 (0.25–1) | 1 (0.25–1) | 1 (1–1) | 0.001 |
PC20, mg/mlb | 4.2 (1.5–6.8) | 2.2 (1.1–5.3) | 12.3 (10.0–14.1) | < 0.001 |