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Table 2 Crude and adjusted odds ratios for the association between variables and the risk of childhood asthma

From: Shared prenatal impacts among childhood asthma, allergic rhinitis and atopic dermatitis: a population-based study

 

Children without asthma

n = 584,963

Children with asthma

n = 43,915

Crude OR (95% CI)

Adjusted OR (95% CI)

p value

Child sex

 Female

283,358 (48.4)

16,932 (38.6)

Ref

Ref

–

 Male

301,605 (51.6)

26,983 (61.4)

1.50 (1.47–1.53)

1.50 (1.47–1.53)

< 0.0001

Maternal allergic diseases

 Asthma

12,231 (2.09)

1856 (4.23)

2.07 (1.97–2.17)

1.80 (1.71–1.89)

< 0.0001

 AR

71,465 (12.2)

7278 (16.6)

1.43 (1.39–1.47)

1.33 (1.30–1.37)

< 0.0001

 AD

10,108 (1.73)

854 (1.94)

1.13 (1.05–1.21)

1.06 (0.99–1.14)

0.09

Urbanization levels

 1 (highest)

175,943 (30.1)

15,837 (36.1)

1.59 (1.54–1.64)

1.59 (1.54–1.64)

< 0.0001

 2

186,731 (31.9)

14,826 (33.8)

1.40 (1.36–1.44)

1.40 (1.35–1.44)

< 0.0001

 3

107,558 (18.4)

6754 (15.4)

1.11 (1.07–1.15)

1.11 (1.07–1.14)

< 0.0001

 4 (lowest)

114,731 (19.6)

6498 (14.8)

Ref

Ref

–

No. of siblings

 0

396,932 (67.9)

30,582 (69.6)

Ref

Ref

–

 1

164,789 (28.2)

11,855 (27.0)

0.93 (0.91–0.95)

0.94 (0.92–0.96)

< 0.0001

 2 or more siblings

23,242 (3.97)

1478 (3.37)

0.83 (0.78–0.87)

0.85 (0.81–0.90)

< 0.0001

Preterm birth (< 37 weeks)

 No

545,976 (93.3)

39,843 (90.7)

Ref

Ref

–

 Yes

38,987 (6.66)

4072 (9.27)

1.43 (1.38–1.48)

1.32 (1.27–1.37)

< 0.0001

Low birth weight (< 2500 g)

 No

547,739 (93.6)

40,435 (92.1)

Ref

Ref

–

 Yes

37,224 (6.36)

3480 (7.92)

1.27 (1.22–1.31)

1.14 (1.10–1.19)

< 0.0001

Mode of delivery

 Spontaneous birth

384,343 (65.7)

27,582 (62.8)

Ref

Ref

 

 Cesarean section

200,620 (34.3)

16,333 (37.2)

1.13 (1.11–1.16)

1.10 (1.08–1.13)

< 0.001

Maternal age at delivery (years)

 < 35

522,943 (89.4)

39,363 (89.6)

Ref

Ref

–

 ≥ 35

62,020 (10.6)

4552 (10.4)

0.98 (0.94–1.01)

0.91 (0.88–0.94)

< 0.0001

Gestational diabetes

9500 (1.62)

696 (1.58)

0.98 (0.9–1.05)

0.94 (0.87–1.01)

0.14

Preeclampsia

4259 (0.73)

404 (0.92)

1.27 (1.14–1.40)

1.06 (0.95–1.17)

0.17

  1. AR allergic rhinitis, AD atopic dermatitis
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Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology

ISSN: 1710-1492

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