Fig. 4

Evaluation of pathological changes in the murine airway. The degree of pathological changes in the airway was estimated as: (0) none; (1) slight; (2) mild; (3) moderate; (4) moderate to marked; (5) marked. Wild type (WT), toll like receptor (TLR)2^−/−, TLR4^−/−, myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88)^−/−, four kinds of mouse were divided into six groups which were treated intratracheally with saline (control), LPS (50 ng LPS); heated-Asian sand dust (H-ASD) (0.1 mg H-ASD); ovalbumin (OVA), OVA + lipopolysaccharide (LPS), OVA + H-ASD + LPS. Four times at 2-week intervals. All values were expressed as mean ± SEM. *P < 0.05 vs. control; ^†P < 0.05 vs. LPS; ^§P < 0.05 vs. H-ASD; ^&P < 0.05 vs. OVA; ^#P < 0.05 vs. OVA + LPS; ^αP < 0.05 vs. WT within the same group; ^βP < 0.05 vs. TLR2^−/− within the same group; ^γP < 0.05 vs. TLR4^−/− within the same group