Fig. 5

Trained immunity mediated bySTAT6-IP vaccination is TGFβ dependent. Naïve BALB/c mice received CD4⁺ T cells from STAT6-IP or CP vaccinated donors. a Recipients mice were sensitized with ragweed as described in the methods. Pan anti-TGFβ antibody (αTGFβ) was given intranasally every other day during sensitization in some recipient animals and T2 responses were assessed post-challenge. b Bronchial airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) to methacholine following challenge with ragweed (RW) was assessed using the Flexivent small animal ventilator. PBS (filled diamond), PBS + αTGFβ (filled square), RW (filled upward triangle), RW + αTGFβ (filled downward triangle), IP + RW (filled circle), IP + RW + αTGFβ (open circle), CP + RW (open square), and CP + RW + αTGFβ (open upward triangle). c Differential cell counts were obtained from recovered BAL fluid and stained with Diff-Quick method. White column denotes macrophages (open square), lymphocytes (filled square) light grey, neutrophils (filled square) dark grey, and eosinophils (filled square) black. d Serum OVA-specific-IgE from recipient animals determined by ELISA. Splenocytes from STAT6-IP, -CP or sham vaccinated mice recipient mice were cultured in triplicates in the presence of ragweed for four days and e IL-4, f IL-10, g IL-13, h IFNγ and i TGFβ were quantified from supernatants by ELISA. For all experiments 6–8 animals per group and experiments were replicated at least three times. Error bars indicated the standard error of mean. IP + αTGFβ group compared with IP groups, ***p < 0.001