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Table 3 Summary of comparison of costs and QALYs (deterministic base-case), Canadian $

From: The cost-effectiveness of as-needed budesonide-formoterol versus low-dose inhaled corticosteroid maintenance therapy in patients with mild asthma in Canada

Parameter

Cost: as-needed budesonide-formoterol

Cost: low-dose maintenance ICS + as-needed SABA

Incremental Cost ($)

QALY: as-needed budesonide-formoterol

QALY: low-dose maintenance ICS + as-needed SABA

Incremental QALYs

Non-exacerbation

$1146.16

$1145.89

$0.27

25.875

25.869

0.006

Severe exacerbation

$3010.65

$2847.82

$162.83

0.047

0.052

− 0.004

Drug costs

$4268.32

$7943.94

− $3675.62

N/A

N/A

N/A

Adverse events

$28,013.94

$34,384.33

− $6370.39

0.000

0.000

0.000

Total

$36,439.08

$46,321.98

− $9882.90

25.923

25.921

0.002

  1. Withdrawal, moderate exacerbations and death-related costs were not included in this base-case analysis
  2. ICS, inhaled corticosteroid; N/A, not applicable; QALY, quality-adjusted life year; SABA, short-acting β2-agonist