From: Atopy in Kashmir-validation from a case control study with respect to IgE and Interleukin genes
Variables | Cases | Controls | OR (95%CI) | P Value | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Number (n) | Un (%) | Dn (%) | Number (n) | Un (%) | Dn (%) | |||
n = 528 | 120 (22.7) | 408 (77.3) | n = 610 | 493 (80.9) | 117 (19.1) | 14.3 (10.7–19.0) |  < 0.0001 | |
Age | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 < 40 | 414 (78.4) | 102 | 312 | 459 (75.0) | 373 | 86 | 13.2 (9.5–18.3) |  < 0.0001 |
 > 40 | 114 (21.6) | 18 | 96 | 151 (25.0) | 120 | 31 | 20.6 (10.8–39.1) |  < 0.0001 |
Gender | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Male | 210 (39.8) | 36 | 174 | 255 (41.8) | 205 | 50 | 19.8 (13.3–31.8) |  < 0.0001 |
 Female | 318 (60.2) | 84 | 234 | 355 (58.2) | 288 | 67 | 11.9 (8.3–17.2) |  < 0.0001 |
Dwelling | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Urban | 240 (45.5) | 48 | 192 | 281 (46.1) | 221 | 60 | 14.7 (9.6–22.5) |  < 0.0001 |
 Rural | 288 (54.5) | 72 | 216 | 329 (44.9) | 272 | 57 | 14.3 (9.6–21.1) |  < 0.0001 |
Smoking status | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Smokers | 63 (12.0) | 12 | 151 | 38 (6.2) | 32 | 06 | 67.1 (23.4–92.0) |  < 0.0001 |
 Non-smokers | 165 (31.2) | 42 | 123 | 345 (56.5) | 187 | 40 | 1.36 (8.3–22.3) |  < 0.0001 |
 Passive smokers | 300 (56.8) | 66 | 234 | 227 (37.3) | 274 | 71 | 13.6 (9.3–19.9) |  < 0.0001 |
IgE levels | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Normal | 03 (0.6) | 00 | 03 | 487 (79.8) | 405 | 82 | 19.5 (2.1–77.2) |  < 0.0001 |
 Elevated | 525 (99.4) | 120 | 405 | 123 (20.2) | 88 | 35 | 8.4 (5.4–13.1) |  < 0.0001 |
Eosinophil count | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Normal | 297 (56.3) | 75 | 222 | 519 (85.1) | 419 | 100 | 12.4 (8.8–17.4) |  < 0.0001 |
 Elevated | 231 (43.7) | 45 | 186 | 91 (14.9) | 74 | 17 | 17.9 (9.6–33.4) |  < 0.0001 |
Vitamin D levels (ng/ml) | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Deficient (< 20) | 345 (65.3) | 93 | 252 | 503 (82.4) | 408 | 95 | 11.6 (8.3–16.1) |  < 0.0001 |
 Insufficient (20–30) | 111 (21.0) | 15 | 96 | 49 (8.0) | 40 | 09 | 28.4 (11.5–70.3) |  < 0.0001 |
 Sufficient (31–100) | 72 (13.7) | 12 | 60 | 58 (9.6) | 45 | 13 | 17.3 (7.2–41.5) |  < 0.0001 |
ESR |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1.0 (0.6–1.7) | 0.7 |
 Normal | 414 (78.4) | 93 | 321 | |||||
 Elevated | 114 (21.6) | 27 | 87 | |||||
PFT |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.7 (0.4–1.09) | 0.1 |
 Normal | 324 (61.4) | 81 | 243 | |||||
 Abnormal | 204 (38.6) | 39 | 165 | |||||
SPT | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.7 |
 HDM | 72 (13.6) | 15 | 57 | |||||
 Pollens | 39 (7.3) | 09 | 30 | |||||
 HDM/pollens | 114 (21.6) | 21 | 93 | |||||
 HDM/pollens/fungi/AE | 66 (12.5) | 24 | 42 | |||||
 HDM/pollens/few foods/AE | 225 (42.6) | 48 | 77 | |||||
 Negative | 12 (2.2) | 03 | 09 | |||||
Socio economic status |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1.6 (0.98–2.5) | 0.06 |
 Good | 150 (28.4) | 27 | 123 | |||||
 Average | 336 (63.6) | 87 | 249 | |||||
 Poor | 42 (8.0) | 06 | 36 | |||||
Seasonal/year round | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Year round | 387 (73.3) | 99 | 288 |  |  | |||
 Seasonal | 141 (26.7) | 21 | 120 | 0.5 (0.3–0.8) | 0.009 | |||
Peak time |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1.3 (0.9–2.0) | 0.1 |
 Morning | 255 (48.2) | 51 | 204 | 1.3 (0.5–3.5) | 0.3 | |||
 Evening | 249 (47.1) | 63 | 186 |  |  | |||
 Both | 24 (4.5) | 06 | 18 |  |  | |||
Family history |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1.1 (0.7–1.8) | 0.6 |
 Yes | 393 (74.5) | 87 | 306 | |||||
 No | 135 (25.5) | 33 | 102 | |||||
Triggers | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.2 |
 Dust | 174 (32.9) | 42 | 132 | |||||
 Dust/irritant | 210 (39.7) | 51 | 159 | |||||
 Temperature | 12 (2.3) | 03 | 9 | |||||
 Irritants | 132 (25.0) | 24 | 108 | |||||
Co-morbidity | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
 Diabetes | 24 (4.5) | 03 | 21 |  | ||||
 Hypertension | 27 (5.1) | 03 | 24 |  | ||||
 Diabetes/hypertension/obesity | 16 (2.7) | 00 | 16 |  | ||||
 Hypothyroidism | 51 (9.6) | 15 | 36 |  | ||||
 PCOD | 21 (3.9) | 03 | 18 |  | ||||
 Nil | 389 (73.6) | 96 | 293 | 0.02 | ||||
Collateral diseases | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.3 |
 Drug allergy | 60 (11.5) | 12 | 48 | |||||
 Migraine | 120 (22.7) | 30 | 90 | |||||
 Food allergy | 90 (17.0) | 15 | 75 | |||||
 Migraine/food allergy | 09 (1.7) | 06 | 03 | |||||
 Migraine/drug allergy | 06 (1.1) | 00 | 06 | |||||
 Nil | 243 (46.0) | 57 | 186 | |||||
Diagnosis | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | 0.03 |
 AR/BA | 210 (39.7) | 45 | 165 | |||||
 AR/AD | 57 (10.8) | 06 | 51 | |||||
 AR/CU | 36 (6.8) | 09 | 27 | |||||
 AR/BA/AD | 120 (22.7) | 27 | 93 | |||||
 AR/BA/CU | 75 (14.2) | 21 | 54 | |||||
 AR/BA/conjunctivitis | 12 (2.3) | 06 | 06 | |||||
 BA/CU | 18 (3.4) | 06 | 12 |