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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of 25 patients with ABPA

From: Pulmonary eosinophilia may indicate onset stage of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis

Characteristic

All cases (n  = 25)

EP group (n  = 6)

Non-EP group (n  = 19)

p value

No. (%) or median (IQR)

Age at onset of ABPA (y), median (IQR)

65 (56–71)

67 (61–73)

65 (55–71)

ns

Sex, female

15 (60%)

4 (67%)

11 (58%)

ns

Bronchial asthma

 Age at onset (y), median (IQR)

50.0 (36.0–64.0)

49.0 (31.5–50.0)

55.0 (38.0–66.5)

ns

 Duration (y) between onset of asthma and ABPA, median (IQR)

3.0 (0.4–16.0)

18.0 (4.2–24.5)

2.0 (0.5–8.0)

ns

History

 Smoking status, never/former/current

21 (84%)/3 (12%)/1 (4%)

5 (83%)/1 (17%)/0 (0%)

16 (84%)/2 (11%)/1 (5%)

ns

 Infantile asthma

8 (32%)

2 (33%)

6 (31.6%)

ns

 CEP

8 (32%)

3 (50%)

5 (26%)

ns

 Other respiratory disease

4 (16%)

0

4

 

  COPD

2 (8%)

0

2

ns

  Sequelae of pulmonary tuberculosis

1 (4%)

0

1

ns

  NTM

1 (4%)

0

1

ns

Tentative diagnosis

 ABPA

6 (24%)

0 (0%)

6 (32%)

ns

 CEP

7 (28%)

4 (67%)

3 (16%)

ns

 TB

4 (16%)

0 (0%)

4 (21%)

ns

 NTM

2 (8%)

1 (17%)

1 (5%)

ns

 Pneumonia

2 (8%)

1 (17%)

1 (5%)

ns

 LC

2 (8%)

0 (0%)

2 (11%)

ns

 Bronchiectasis

1 (4%)

0 (0%)

1 (5%)

ns

 Middle lobe syndrome

1 (4%)

0 (0%)

1 (5%)

ns

Laboratory data at diagnosis

 Absolute eosinophil count (cells/μl), median (IQR)

1540 (880–2330)

2385 (1663–2733)

1240 (560–1700)

ns

  IgE (IU/ml), median (IQR)

2802 (1330–5182)

3010 (1131–4227)

2802 (1809–5182)

ns

 Aspergillus-specific IgE (IU/ml), median (IQR)

20.7 (7.0–33.4)

25.8 (8.6–31.5)

20.6 (1.7–33.7)

ns

 Aspergillus-specific precipitating antibodies or IgG

16 (64%)

6 (100%)

10 (53%)

p  = 0.0664

Fungal culture, beta-D glucan

 Sputum or bronchial wash positive

11 (44%)

1 (17%)

10 (53%)

ns

 Sputum; wash; sputum and wash

4; 3; 4

1; 0; 0

3; 4; 3

 

 Aspergillus fumigatus

8 (32%)

0 (0%)

8 (42%)

ns

 Aspergillus niger

2 (8%)

1 (17%)

1 (5%)

ns

 Aspergillus fumigatus and niger

1 (4%)

0 (0%)

1 (5%)

ns

 beta-D glucan (pg/ml)

11.1 (5.3–16.6)

6.6 (5.2–9.3)

11.7 (6.7–18.4)

p  = 0.0398

Chest CT findings

 Central bronchiectasis

22 (88%)

4 (67%)

18 (95%)

ns

 Mucoid impaction

19 (76%)

0 (0%)

18 (95%)

p  = 0.0006

 HAM

13 (52%)

0 (0%)

12 (63%)

p  = 0.0052

 Tree in bud

12 (48%)

3 (50%)

9 (47%)

ns

 Enlarged lymph nodes

12 (48%)

3 (50%)

9 (47%)

ns

 Fibrosis

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

0 (0%)

ns

 Peripheral consolidation

16 (64%)

6 (100%)

10 (53%)

p  = 0.0571

 Ground grass opacities

16 (64%)

6 100%)

10 (53%)

p  = 0.0571

Pulmonary function test

 FEV1, L, median (IQR)

1.74 (1.46–2.25)

1.60 (1.27–2.35)

1.82 (1.48–2.25)

ns

 FEV1, %, predicted, median (IQR)

82.6 (72.0–91.8)

73.3 (65.9–81.1)

85.8 (74.7–89.4)

ns

 FEV1/FVC, %, median (IQR)

72.7 (62.0–91.8)

71.4 (62.2–77.2)

72.7 (62.4–77.3)

ns

Recurrence

21 (84%)

4 (67%)

15 (78%)

ns

 Duration (months) before recurrence

21.5 (14.8–29.0)

22.5 (20.5–22.9)

20.5 (13.8–34.8)

ns

 Recurrence rate

84%

67%

89%

ns

  1. Data are expressed as median and interquartile range (IQR) and categorical data are presented as number and percentage
  2. p values between the EP group and Non-EP group are shown
  3. ns, not significant