Fig. 3

HDM induced IL-25, IL-33, and TSLP secretion in epithelial cells. A MLE-12 cells were left untreated or treated with different concentrations of HDM for 24 h. The expression levels of IL-25, TSLP, and IL-33 were measured using qPCR. B MLE-12 cells were left untreated or treated with HDM as described in (A), and the TSLP and IL-33 expression levels in supernatant were examined using ELISA. The level of IL-33 in supernatant was measured following HDM treatment at the indicated time. C MLE-12 cells were left untreated or treated with HDM as described in (A), and the IL-33 expression levels were examined using Western blotting. the density quantification of IL-33 was expressed as a ratio relative to β-actin (D) Primary epithelial cells were left untreated or treated with HDM extract (50 μg/mL) for the indicated time periods; then, the expression of IL-33 was measured using Western blotting and the density quantification of IL-33 was expressed as a ratio relative to β-actin. Data are presented as mean ± SEM of independent experiments with similar results (n = 4 ~ 8). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001