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Table 3 Clinical outcome comparison between subjects with low vs normal IgM

From: Low immunoglobulin levels affect the course of COPD in hospitalized patients

 

Low IgM (N = 16)

Normal IgM (N = 34)

p

Demographics

   

 Age years (median {IQR})

70.5 (65.5–73.0)

65 (58–79)

0.235

 Sex—female (n {%})

7(43.8%)

20(58.8%)

0.373

 BMI* (kg/m2) (median {IQR})

25.6 (22.6–33.5)

26.4 (19.4–31.9)

0.456

 FEV1** (% predicted) (median. {IQR})

43.9 (21.6–68.1)

35.1 (24.5–44.4)

0.270

 FEV1/FVC** (%) (median {IQR})

46.7 (38.8–52.2)

41.1 (32.7–52.3)

0.292

 Current Smoking* (n {%})

6/16 (37.5%)

6/33 (18.2%)

0.169

 Number of pack years***(median {IQR})

50.0 (35.1–58.5)

40.0 (20.2–50.0)

0.069

Subjects taking systemic corticosteroid (%)

15 (93.8%)

32 (94.1%)

1.000

Subjects taking antibiotics (%)

15 (93.8%)

30 (88.2%)

1.000

Immunoglobulin

 IgG (median {IQR})

8.15 (6.00–10.63)

8.15 (6.99–10.06)

0.519

 IgA (median {IQR})

1.84 (1.32–3.40)

2.04 (1.53–2.65)

0.685

 IgM (median {IQR})

0.41 (0.37–0.48)

1.10 (0.85–1.44)

 < 0.0001

Clinical outcome

 Length of hospital stay (median {IQR})

6.00 (4.00–8.75)

3.00 (2.00–5.00)

0.003

 Emergency department visit number (median {IQR})

1.00 (0.00–3.75)

1.50 (0.00–4.00)

0.633

 Readmission (median {IQR})

0.50 (0.00–2.00)

1.00 (0.00–3.00)

0.597

 AECOPD related hospital readmission (median {IQR})

0.50 (0.00–1.75)

0.00 (0.00–2.00)

0.927

  1. Bold values denote statistical significance at the p < 0.05 level
  2. AECOPD Acute chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exacerbation, BMI body mass index, FEV1 forced expiratory volume in 1s, FVC forced vital capacity, Ig immunoglobulin, y year
  3. *n = 16 vs 33 for Low IgM vs Normal IgM
  4. **n = 10 vs 18 for Low IgM vs Normal IgM because of missing data points