Fig. 2

Mtb cell membrane-specific antibody response during helminth coinfection: Mtb-specific antibodies in plasma was analyzed using ELISA-plates coated with Mtb strain CDC1551 cell membrane fraction and HRP-conjugated anti-IgG (1/400 dilution of plasma) (A), anti-IgA (1/200 dilution of plasma) (B), anti-IgM (1/200 dilution of plasma) (C), anti-IgG1 (1/400 dilution of plasma) (D), anti-IgG2 (1/200 dilution of plasma) (E). Plasma was from non-endemic Sweden control samples (n = 10), Peruvian controls that were helminth negative and healthy (n = 30), helminth negative pulmonary TB patients (Helminth-/TB+; n = 42), and helminth positive pulmonary TB patients (Helminth+/TB+; n = 19). Data are presented as scatter plot bar graphs with each circle representing a single individual and bars depicting mean ± SEM of the OD₄₅₀-value after background subtraction of Mtb strain CDC1551 cell membrane fraction-coated wells receiving wash buffer instead of plasma but otherwise treated the same. *^/#, p < 0.05; **^/##, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001 using One-way ANOVA and asterisk sign (*) indicate significance to Peru control and number sign (#) indicate significance to Sweden control