Table 1 Clinical characteristics
Items | HCs | Asthma patients | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
(N = 100) | (N = 200) | ||
Age (years), mean ± SD | 30.1 ± 8.2 | 28.9 ± 8.0 | 0.227 |
Gender, No. (%) | 0.458 | ||
Female | 40 (40.0) | 89 (44.5) | |
Male | 60 (60.0) | 111 (55.5) | |
Family history of asthma, No. (%) | 0.014 | ||
No | 88 (88.0) | 152 (76.0) | |
Yes | 12 (12.0) | 48 (24.0) | |
History of allergic rhinitis, No. (%) | < 0.001 | ||
No | 100 (100.0) | 59 (29.5) | |
Yes | 0 (0.0) | 141 (70.5) | |
Eosinophil count (109/L), median (IQR) | 0.1 (0.1–0.1) | 0.3 (0.2–0.6) | < 0.001 |
IgE (IU/mL), median (IQR) | 36.5 (23.3–51.8) | 151.5 (79.0-287.0) | < 0.001 |
FEV1/FVC (%), mean ± SD | 84.1 ± 3.6 | 71.8 ± 7.8 | < 0.001 |
FEV1 (predicted) (%), mean ± SD | 99.5 ± 6.3 | 81.9 ± 8.1 | < 0.001 |
Disease status, No. (%) | − | ||
Remission | − | 78 (39.0) | |
Exacerbation | − | 122 (61.0) | |
Exacerbation severity, No. (%) | − | ||
Mild | − | 47 (38.5) | |
Moderate | − | 49 (40.2) | |
Severe | − | 26 (21.3) | |
Treatment, No. (%) | − | ||
Beta 2 agonists | − | 148 (74.0) | |
Corticosteroids | − | 120 (60.0) | |
Anti-histamines | − | 71 (35.5) | |
Allergen-specific immunotherapy | − | 20 (10.0) | |
Others | − | 134 (67.0) | |
Th1 cells (%), median (IQR) | − | 14.0 (11.4–17.2) | − |
Th2 cells (%), median (IQR) | − | 15.3 (12.6–19.1) | − |
Th2/Th1 ratio, median (IQR) | − | 1.2 (0.8–1.5) | − |
IFN-γ (pg/mL), median (IQR) | − | 7.8 (6.1–10.3) | − |
IL-4 (pg/mL), median (IQR) | − | 15.0 (12.0-18.7) | − |
IL-4/IFN-γ ratio, median (IQR) | − | 1.9 (1.2–2.8) | − |
TNF-α (pg/mL), median (IQR) | − | 69.5 (53.1–92.3) | − |
IL-1β (pg/mL), median (IQR) | − | 2.0 (1.5–2.7) | − |
IL-6 (pg/mL), median (IQR) | − | 35.8 (26.7–45.6) | − |
IL-17 (pg/ml), median (IQR) | − | 67.6 (53.4–96.5) | − |