Table 2 Characteristics of the articles based on type of relation between T1DM and asthma, prevalence by age, gender and time diagnosis and considerations about glicemic control
From: Prevalence of asthma in people with type 1 diabetes mellitus: a scoping review
Article | Relationship between asthma and T1DM | Prevalence by age | Prevalence by gender | Glicemic control | Prevalence by time of diagnosis |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A1 | Inverse relationship | NA | Similar ratio between genders | NA | NA |
A2 | Inverse relationship | NA | NA | NA | NA |
A3 | Inverse relationship | T1DM developed more frequently between the ages of 8 to 16 years in children with asthma diagnosed between the ages of 4–7.9 years (0.4%) than in children in good health up to age 8 years (0.3%). Asthma developed less frequently between the ages of 8–16 years in children with T1DM diagnosed between the ages of 4–7.9 years (1.0%) than in those in good health up to age 8 years (1.3%) | Boys had a higher risk of asthma and T1DM compared to girls | T1DM children with asthma have worse glycemic control | NA |
A4 | Inverse relationship | NA | There is a higher proportion of diabetics with asthma in males (18 males vs. 6 females), which is similar to the predominance of asthmatic males among healthy children | In patients with T1DM, glycemic control was worse in those with asthma than in those without asthma | NA |
A5 | Similar prevalence | NA | NA | NA | NA |
A6 | Similar prevalence | NA | NA | NA | NA |
A7 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA |
A8 | Similar prevalence of asthma in T1DM Increased prevalence of T1DM in asthmatics | NA | Asthma and T1DM are in 60.5% of boys and 39% of girls | NA | NA |
A9 | Similar prevalence | Patients with T1DM and asthma were older than those with only T1DM | Patients with T1DM and asthma were more often male than those with only T1DM | No differences in HbA1c of the groups with T1DM and asthma / only T1DM. However, patients with concomitant asthma need more insulin | NA |
A10 | Inverse relationship | NA | NA | NA | NA |
A11 | Direct relationship | NA | NA | NA | NA |
A12 | NA | Asthma was predominant in older patients | Asthma was more prevalent in males | T1DM patients with asthma have worse glycemic control | NA |
A13 | Inverse relationship | NA | NA | NA | In 14 diabetic children, the mean age of onset of allergic symptoms was 3.42 ± SD 3.45, similar to that of the controls (5.90 ± SD 3.93; p = 0.083) |
A14 | Inverse relationship | NA | NA | NA | NA |
A15 | NA | Higher number of asthma cases in those in older age groups (13–14 years) compared to the control group (13–14 years) | NA | NA | NA |
A16 | Similar prevalence | NA | NA | Glycemic control was measured according to the patients' HbA1c and was not correlated with asthma severity | NA |
A17 | Direct relationship | NA | NA | NA | At least four years, the duration of T1DM had no impact on the frequency of allergic disease: 61.7% (29/47) had T1DM for more than four years |