Table 2 Clinical characteristics, complications and HCRU during the 6-month baseline period
Characteristics | SCS use cohort N = 7473 | Non/burst-SCS use cohort N = 89,281 | Standardized difference (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
Quan-CCI, mean (SD) [median] | 2.40 (1.93) [2] | 1.30 (1.28) [1] | 66.7* |
Controller medications, n (%) | Â | Â | Â |
Any use | 5267 (70.5) | 32,264 (36.1) | 68.8* |
Inhaled corticosteroid (ICS/long-acting β2-agonist (LABA) | 3176 (42.5) | 15,190 (17.0) | 55.7* |
Leukotriene modifiers | 2971 (39.8) | 15,477 (17.3) | 49.6* |
Long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA) | 1177 (15.8) | 1667 (1.9) | 49.0* |
Inhaled corticosteroids | 1055 (14.1) | 7414 (8.3) | 18.4* |
Multiple-inhaler triple therapy†| 983 (13.2) | 914 (1.0) | 47.3* |
Biologics | 416 (5.6) | 861 (1.0) | 25.9* |
Methylxanthines | 375 (5.0) | 357 (0.4) | 28.4* |
LAMA/LABA | 211 (2.8) | 290 (0.3) | 20.1* |
LABA | 194 (2.6) | 245 (0.3) | 19.5* |
Single-inhaler triple therapy | 138 (1.8) | 247 (0.3) | 15.3* |
Mast cell stabilizers | 12 (0.2) | 18 (0.0) | 4.7 |
Rescue medications, n (%) | Â | Â | Â |
Any use | 6230 (83.4) | 55,610 (62.3) | 47.4* |
Antibiotics | 4946 (66.2) | 41,774 (46.8) | 39.1* |
Short-acting β2-agonist (SABA) | 3984 (53.3) | 32,581 (36.5) | 33.8* |
SABA/short-acting muscarinic antagonist (SAMA) | 1569 (21.0) | 3344 (3.7) | 52.4* |
SAMA | 372 (5.0) | 798 (0.9) | 24.2* |
Healthcare resource utilization, mean (SD) [median] | Â | Â | Â |
All-cause | Â | Â | Â |
Inpatient visits | 0.42 (0.88) [0] | 0.14 (0.47) [0] | 39.4* |
Emergency room visits | 0.91 (2.39) [0] | 0.68 (1.82) [0] | 11.0* |
Outpatient visits | 15.61 (13.25) [12] | 8.20 (9.13) [6] | 65.1* |
Outpatient hospital visits | 5.28 (9.83) [2] | 1.73 (4.81) [0] | 45.9* |
Office visits | 9.32 (7.98) [7] | 6.04 (6.53) [4] | 45.0* |
Other outpatient visits | 1.00 (4.27) [0] | 0.43 (2.92) [0] | 15.6* |
Other visits | 5.22 (10.30) [1] | 1.21 (4.50) [0] | 50.4* |
Asthma-related | Â | Â | Â |
Inpatient visits | 0.06 (0.29) [0] | 0.03 (0.19) [0] | 10.7* |
Emergency room visits | 0.10 (0.73) [0] | 0.12 (0.44) [0] | 3.1 |
Outpatient visits | 1.02 (2.40) [0] | 0.71 (1.41) [0] | 15.9* |
Outpatient hospital visits | 0.26 (1.28) [0] | 0.13 (0.73) [0] | 12.5* |
Office visits | 0.75 (1.88) [0] | 0.57 (1.17) [0] | 11.1* |
Other outpatient visits | 0.02 (0.16) [0] | 0.01 (0.09) [0] | 7.5 |
Other visits | 0.32 (1.48) [0] | 0.10 (0.75) [0] | 18.6* |
Exacerbations during baseline, mean (SD) [median] | Â | Â | Â |
Inpatient exacerbations‡ | 0.05 (0.26) [0] | 0.03 (0.19) [0] | 10.0* |
Outpatient/emergency room exacerbations§ | 0.40 (0.88) [0] | 0.31 (0.57) [0] | 11.8* |
Patients with ≥ 1 exacerbation during baseline, n (%) |  |  |  |
Inpatient exacerbations‡ | 347 (4.6) | 2603 (2.9) | 9.1 |
Outpatient/emergency room exacerbations§ | 1760 (23.6) | 23,907 (26.8) | 7.4 |
Patients with ≥ 1 exacerbation on the index date, n (%) |  |  |  |
Inpatient exacerbations‡ | 13 (0.2) | 76 (0.1) | 2.5 |
Outpatient/emergency room exacerbations§ | 282 (3.8) | 10,159 (11.4) | 28.7* |
Any SCS-related complication, n (%) | 6960 (93.1) | 66,805 (74.8) | 49.9* |
Acute | Â | Â | Â |
Immune system related | 4094 (54.8) | 33,759 (37.8) | 34.0* |
Gastrointestinal | 1218 (16.3) | 8704 (9.7) | 19.5* |
Cardiovascular | 480 (6.4) | 2016 (2.3) | 20.4* |
Bone and muscle related | 27 (0.4) | 340 (0.4) | 0.3 |
Chronic | Â | Â | Â |
Cardiovascular | 5422 (72.6) | 37,886 (42.4) | 60.9* |
Metabolic and endocrine | 5038 (67.4) | 41,057 (46.0) | 43.2* |
Cushing’s syndrome | 75 (1.0) | 40 (0.0) | 13.3* |
Central nervous system | 3865 (51.7) | 31,519 (35.3) | 33.1* |
Bone and muscle related | 2968 (39.7) | 18,426 (20.6) | 41.6* |
Ophthalmologic | 1048 (14.0) | 6326 (7.1) | 22.6* |
Hematologic/oncologic | 746 (10.0) | 2930 (3.3) | 26.9* |
Dermatologic | 131 (1.8) | 2165 (2.4) | 4.7 |
Gastrointestinal | 1 (0.0) | 2 (0.0) | 1.3 |