Demonstration of epinephrine autoinjectors (EpiPen and Anapen) by pharmacists in a randomised, simulated patient assessment: acceptable, but room for improvement

Table 6 Predictors of accurate self-injectable epinephrine demonstration by pharmacists ^* (n = 266)

	*Simple regression models*			*Multiple regression model*
Predictor	OR	95% CI	P value	Adjusted OR	95% CI	P value
Original EpiPen	0.64	0.35-1.19	0.16	0.21	0.07-0.63	0.006
New-look EpiPen	0.67	0.37-1.24	0.21	0.60	0.23-1.55	0.29
Anapen^a	1			1
Age 20-30	2.59	0.56-11.9	0.22	1.74	0.26-11.4	0.56
Age 31-40	1.87	0.39-8.95	0.43	1.59	0.24-10.4	0.63
Age 41-50	2.56	0.51-12.8	0.25	2.69	0.40-17.8	0.31
Age 51+^a	1			1
Male	0.70	0.36-1.36	0.30	0.80	0.35-1.79	0.58
Reference materials consulted	0.96	0.51-1.81	0.89	0.75	0.34-1.67	0.48
Do you know what you reacted to?	1.98	0.93-4.12	0.08	1.49	0.53-4.12	0.45
Are you seeing an allergy specialist?	1.59	0.76-3.34	0.22	0.52	0.19-1.43	0.20
Explain signs of anaphylaxis	2.14	1.01-4.54	0.05	0.90	0.33-2.47	0.84
Do you have an anaphylaxis action plan?	17.0	5.12-56.3	<0.001	16.1	3.86-67.3	<0.001
Call ambulance after epinephrine	5.66	2.30-13.9	<0.001	4.00	1.44-11.1	0.008
Conditions for device storage	2.16	1.05-4.45	0.04	1.80	0.72-4.51	0.21
Explain side effects of epinephrine	5.28	2.09-13.3	<0.001	4.45	1.48-13.4	0.008
Identify expiry date of device	1.74	0.91-3.32	0.10	1.08	0.48-2.43	0.86

^*Accurate device demonstration required all steps on the relevant ASCIA Action Plan for Anaphylaxis[30] to be performed without error.
OR = odds ratio; 95% CI = 95% confidence interval.
^aReference level for the variable. Simple regression models assessed each predictor in a separate univariate model. The multiple regression model assessed all predictors at once (model fit: Nagelkerke R² = 0.33).

ISSN: 1710-1492