Table 3 Unadjusted conditional logistic regression analyses assessing the association between antibiotic exposure and food allergy diagnosis
From: Antibiotic prescription and food allergy in young children
Variable | Reference | Unadjusted analyses | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Odds Ratio | 95 % CI | p value | ||
Primary independent variable | ||||
Antibiotic exposure during 1st year of life | No antibiotics | 1.22 | 1.08–1.37 | 0.001 |
Child factors | ||||
Breastfed | Non-breastfed | 1.31 | 1.57–1.48 | <0.001 |
NICU admission | Routine birth | 0.98 | 0.77–1.25 | 0.90 |
Gestational age | By weeks | 1.03 | 1.00–1.06 | 0.06 |
WIC enrollment | Not enrolled | 1.06 | 0.91–1.23 | 0.46 |
Asthma, wheeze, or atopic dermatitis | Absence of these conditions | 5.07 | 4.44–5.79 | <0.001 |
Maternal factors | ||||
Smoking status (pre-pregnancy) | Non-smoking status | 0.85 | 0.72–0.99 | 0.03 |
Smoking status (during pregnancy) | Non-smoking status | 0.81 | 0.69–0.96 | 0.01 |
Maternal age | By decade | 1.16 | 1.05–1.30 | <0.01 |
Diabetes (gestational) | No diabetes | 0.98 | 0.74–1.30 | 0.89 |
Diabetes (pre-pregnancy) | No diabetes | 2.10 | 1.33–3.31 | 0.001 |
Urban residence | Rural residence | 1.16 | 1.02–1.32 | 0.02 |
Labor and delivery factors | ||||
Vaginal birth | Caesarian birth | 0.89 | 0.79–1.00 | 0.05 |
Antibiotics received due to abnormal conditions at birth | No antibiotics | 1.08 | 0.78–1.49 | 0.63 |
Antibiotics during childbirth | No antibiotics | 1.10 | 0.95–1.27 | 0.19 |
Steroids during childbirth | No steroids | 0.59 | 0.28–1.25 | 0.17 |