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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the study population

From: Characterization of tenascin-C as a novel biomarker for asthma: utility of tenascin-C in combination with periostin or immunoglobulin E

 

Total

GINA step 1–3

GINA step 4 + 5

P value

n = 126

n = 45

n = 81

Sex (M/F), n (%)

43 (34.1)/83 (65.9)

21 (46.7)/24 (53.3)

22 (27.2)/59 (72.8)

0.032*

Age (years)

53.91 ± 15.86

55.47 ± 15.66

53.05 ± 16.01

0.415

Age at asthma onset (years)

35.08 ± 22.05

36.87 ± 22.46

34.09 ± 21.90

0.437

Duration of asthma (years)

18.83 ± 15.95

18.60 ± 17.20

18.96 ± 15.32

0.613

BMI (kg/m2)

24.00 ± 4.88

23.30 ± 4.08

24.38 ± 5.26

0.317

Smoking history (never/ex/current), n (%)

79 (62.7)/42 (33.3)/5 (4.0)

20 (44.4)/23 (51.1)/2 (4.4)

59 (72.8)/19 (23.4)/3 (3.7)

0.006*

Pack year smoking history (pack year)

5.63 ± 10.79

9.00 ± 13.74

3.75 ± 8.25

0.003*

Atopic predisposition, n (%)

99 (78.6)

33 (73.3)

66 (81.5)

0.365

AERD, n (%)

12 (9.5)

1 (2.2)

11 (13.6)

0.055

Atopic dermatitis, n (%)

27 (21.4)

10 (22.2)

17 (21.0)

1.000

Allergic rhinitis, n (%)

66 (52.4)

24 (53.3)

42 (51.9)

1.000

Chronic sinusitis, n (%)

38 (30.2)

13 (28.9)

25 (30.9)

0.843

Daily dose of ICS (FP equivalent dose, µg)

584.13 ± 383.49

177.78 ± 92.05

809.88 ± 283.99

< 0.001*

Daily dose of OCS (PSL equivalent dose, mg)

0.35 ± 1.41

0.00 ± 0.00

0.55 ± 1.73

0.014*

ACT score, n = 125

23.20 ± 2.82

24.29 ± 1.47

22.59 ± 3.20

< 0.001*

FeNO (ppb)

55.04 ± 43.69

65.31 ± 53.19

49.34 ± 36.53

0.037*

Peripheral neutrophils (cells/μL)

4022.36 ± 1492.54

3696.30 ± 1115.92

4203.51 ± 1644.02

0.113

Peripheral eosinophils (cells/μL)

263.54 ± 236.05

231.11 ± 180.79

281.55 ± 261.08

0.775

Serum IgE (IU/mL)

616.37 ± 1686.39

467.19 ± 718.39

699.24 ± 2034.77

0.731

Th2-high†, n (%)

53 (42.1)

21 (46.7)

32 (39.5)

0.457

Serum periostin (ng/mL)

87.65 ± 34.49

94.62 ± 30.83

83.78 ± 35.96

0.012*

Serum TNC (ng/mL)

39.49 ± 25.18

30.95 ± 16.69

44.23 ± 27.82

0.002*

FVC (L)

3.22 ± 0.95

3.51 ± 0.87

3.06 ± 0.96

0.004*

%FVC (predicted, %)

103.06 ± 16.22

107.16 ± 14.69

100.80 ± 16.59

0.013*

FEV1 (L)

2.38 ± 0.79

2.55 ± 0.70

2.29 ± 0.82

0.079

%FEV1 (predicted, %)

90.98 ± 18.37

93.80 ± 15.93

89.41 ± 19.51

0.201

FEV1/FVC ratio (%)

73.46 ± 10.30

72.56 ± 8.29

73.97 ± 11.28

0.189

PEF (L/s)

7.23 ± 2.06

7.74 ± 1.94

6.95 ± 2.08

0.037*

%PEF (predicted, %)

103.28 ± 21.12

105.46 ± 19.00

102.07 ± 22.23

0.389

MMF (L)

1.95 ± 1.07

1.93 ± 0.95

1.95 ± 1.13

0.951

%MMF (predicted, %)

58.93 ± 27.49

57.98 ± 22.69

59.46 ± 29.95

0.773

  1. Data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation unless otherwise indicated
  2. Comparisons performed by Student’s t test, the Mann–Whitney U test, the Chi square test, and Fisher’s exact test as appropriate
  3. ACT asthma control test, AERD aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease, BMI body mass index, FeNO fractional exhaled nitric oxide, FEV1 forced expiratory volume in 1 s, FP fluticasone propionate, FVC forced vital capacity, GINA Global Initiative for Asthma, ICS inhaled corticosteroid, IgE immunoglobulin E, MMF mid-maximal flow rate, OCS oral corticosteroids, PEF peak expiratory flow, PSL prednisolone, Th2 T-helper cell type 2, TNC tenascin-C
  4. *P < 0.05, GINA treatment steps 1–3 group versus GINA treatment steps 4 + 5
  5. †Th2-high: total IgE level of more than 100 IU/mL and a peripheral blood eosinophil count of 0.14 × 109 cells/L or more
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Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology

ISSN: 1710-1492

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