Fig. 1

Comparison of AZE, FP, and MP-AzeFlu effects on FBS-induced secretion of IL-6 from nasal mucosal epithelial cells. Epithelial cells were incubated for 24 h with culture medium (white column), 10% FBS (black), or 10% FBS plus AZE (diagonally striped), FP (horizontally striped), or MP-AzeFlu (grey) at dilution 1:10². Results are expressed as mean ± SEM percentage of IL-6 secretion compared with FBS. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used for analysis (N = 9). *P < 0.05 compared with 10% FBS. AZE azelastine hydrochloride, FBS fetal bovine serum, FP fluticasone propionate, IL interleukin, MP-AzeFlu intranasal AZE and intranasal FP in a single device. SEM standard error of the mean