Assessment of levels of asthma control among adult patients with asthma at Chitungwiza Central Hospital, Zimbabwe

Table 1 Participants’ demographic characteristics by asthma control status using the clinical practice cut off point of 0.75 for controlled asthma

Characteristic	Totals	Controlled asthma (n = 152) ACQ score (< 0.75)		Uncontrolled asthma (n = 248) ACQ score (> 0.75)		p-value¹	p-value²
Characteristic	Totals		p-value		p-value	p-value¹	p-value²
Median age (IQR)		33 (25.5–41)		35 (27–44)
Sex
Male	139 (34.8%)	51 (33.6%)	1	88 (35.5%)	1	0.349	0.694
Female	261 (65.2%)	101 (66.4%)	< 0.001	160 (64.5%)	< 0.001	0.651
Level of education
Primary	60 (15.0%)	19 (12.5%)	1	41 (16.5%)	1	0.137	0.724
Secondary	159 (39.7%)	63 (41.4%)	< 0.001	96 (38.7%)	< 0.001	0.293
College	127 (31.8%)	50 (32.9%)	< 0.001	77 (31.0%)	< 0.001	0.351
University	54 (13.5%)	20 (13.2%)	0.428	34 (13.8%)	0.201	0.438
Marital status
Married	245 (61.2%)	103 (67.8%)	1	142 (57.2%)	1	0.018**	0.012*
Single	97 (24.3%)	38 (25.0%)	< 0.001	59 (23.8%)	< 0.001	0.392
Widowed	36 (9.0%)	6 (4.0%)	< 0.001	30 (12.1%)	< 0.001	0.003**
Divorced	22 (5.5%)	5 (3.2%)	< 0.001	17 (6.9%)	< 0.001	0.065
Religion
Apostolic	100 (25.0%)	51 (33.6%)	1	49 (19.8%)	1	0.001**	< 0.001*
Pentecostal	163 (40.7%)	68 (44.7%)	0.024	95 (38.3%)	< 0.001	0.102
Protestants	79 (19.8%)	11 (7.2%)	< 0.001	68 (27.4%)	0.023	< 0.001**
Others (traditional Africans)	58 (14.5%)	22 (14.6%)	< 0.001	36 (14.5%)	0.059	0.506
Employment status
Employed	201 (50.3%)	87 (57.2%)	1	114 (46.0%)	1	0.014**	0.029
Unemployed	199 (49.7%)	65 (42.8%)	0.006	134 (54.0%)	0.037	0.014
Area of residence
Urban	272 (68.0%)	118 (77.6%)	1	154 (62.1%)	1	< 0.001**	0.004
Peri-urban	44 (11.0%)	7 (4.6%)	< 0.001	37 (14.9%)	< 0.001	< 0.001**
Rural	58 (14.5%)	21 (13.8%)	< 0.001	37 (14.9%)	< 0.001	0.381
Farms	26 (6.5%)	6 (4.0%)	< 0.001	20 (8.1%)	< 0.001	0.050**

Italic values indicate significance of p-value (p < 0.05)
^**Statistically significant; p-value¹: student t-test for asthma control proportions between participants with controlled and uncontrolled asthma; p-value²: chi-square group test for the association between asthma control status and demographic characteristics

ISSN: 1710-1492