Effects of a 90-min educational intervention for patients with insect venom allergy: a prospective controlled pilot study

Table 2 Outcome variables by using Analyses of covariance (covariate = baseline values) of differences between baseline (t0) and follow-up (t1) for the Intervention Group and the Control Group

Outcome variables	Intervention Group (IG)	Control Group (CG)	IG- CG	p	Effect size (r)
	Estimated marginal means and 95% CI of differences (t1-t0)	Estimated marginal means and 95% CI of differences (t1-t0)	Estimated marginal means and 95% CI of differences ((IG t1-t0)—(CG t1-t0))
	Mean (95% CI)	Mean (95% CI)	Mean (95% CI)
Subjective self-assurance^a	2.141 (1.71; 2.57)	1.049 (0.66; 1.44)	1.092 (0.50; 1.68)	0.001	0.457
Willingness to carry medication^b	0.112 (− 0.54; 0.77)	0.373 (− 0.22; 0.97)	− 0.261 (− 1.19; 0.63)	0.560	0.081
Depression (HADS)	− 0.511 (− 1.20; 0.18)	− 0.008 (− 0.64; 0.63)	− 0.503 (− 1.44; 0.44)	0.288	0.147
Anxiety (HADS)	− 0.543 (− 1.45; 0.37)	− 0.114 (− 0.95; 0.72)	− 0.429 (− 1.66; 0.81)	0.488	0.096
One-time WTP^c	41.055 (− 294; 376.1)	275.815 (6.64; 545.0)	− 234.76 (− 667.91; 198.4)	0.277	0.198
Knowledge quiz	0.555 (− 0.03; 1.14)	0.138 (− 0.40; 0.67)	0.417 (− 0.38; 1.21)	0.288	0.144
Simulation test	3.673 (2.86; 4.49)	2.106 (1.37; 2.84)	1.567 (0.43; 2.71)	0.008	0.357

CI: confidence interval. Effect size: > 0.1 weak effect, > 0.25 medium effect, > 0.4 strong effect. HADS: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. €: Euro. t0: baseline. t1: follow-up. Significant findings are highlighted in italics
^aSubjective self-assurance in using the emergency medication
^bWillingness to always carry the emergency medication
^cAbsolute one-time willingness-to-pay (WTP) for a complete cure

ISSN: 1710-1492